Mathematics Invented or Discovered Essay Example

Mathematics: Invented or Discovered Essay When Newton saw an apple drop from an apple tree he had an epiphany.That epiphany was the concept of gravity.Even though no one before Newton had ever thought of gravity, it had always existed and had always made apples drop from trees.Newton discovered and put a name to the concept of an object being pulled towards the earth; he did not invent gravity.Just as gravity wasnt invented, math wasnt invented.It was discovered. Math describes nature and the events in nature.Rabbits reproduce exponentially, energy is equal to mass multiplied by the speed of light squared, density equals mass divided by volume, etc.Math has been present long before man ever invented thefirst mathematical symbol.As long as there is nature and natural events, there is math. Man has always had a sense of math.This sense of math was his ability to distinguish quantities.For example, a Neanderthal knew that the more deer he killed, the better.He had a sense of math in that he had a sense of the amount (or quant ity) of those deer. That Neanderthal could not realize that killing thirty deer would provide him with more food than killing twenty deer (at least in terms of numerical value).What he would realize is that more deer provide him with more food.Although the Neanderthal did not have the knowledge of numbers, he still had a basic understanding of math when he established that more deer would be better than less deer. Math illustrates the relationship between matter in the universe.Before math was discovered, it existed as relationships in nature.Now that we analyze math and invent symbols and numbers to express it more efficiently, it is still the same math that the Neanderthal experienced, just in a different form.

Mileva Maric and Her Relationship to Albert Einstein and His Work

Mileva Maric and Her Relationship to Albert Einstein and His Work A 2004 PBS documentary (Einstein’s Wife: The Life of Mileva Maric Einstein) highlighted the role that Albert Einsteins first wife, Mileva Maric, may have played in the development of his theory of relativity, quantum physics, and Brownian motion. He doesnt even mention her in his own stories about his life, however. Was she really the brain behind the scenes, his silent collaborator? Mileva Maric and Albert Einstein’s Relationship and Marriage Mileva Maric, from a wealthy Serbian family,  began studies in science and math at a male prep school and got high grades. She then studied at the university in Zurich and then Zurich Polytechnic, where Albert was a young classmate four years younger than she was. She began failing in her studies after their love affair began and around the time she became pregnant with Albert’s child- a child born before their marriage and which Albert may never have visited.  (It is not known if she died in early childhood as she was ill with scarlet fever around the time Albert and Mileva finally married but may have been put up for adoption.) Albert and Mileva married and had two more children, both sons. Albert went to work at the Federal Office for Intellectual Property, then took a position at the University of Zurich in 1909, returning there in 1912 after a year at Prague. The marriage was full of tensions including, in 1912, an affair that Albert began with his cousin Elsa Loewenthal.  In 1913, Maric had the sons baptized as Christians. The couple separated in 1914, and Maric had custody of the boys. Albert divorced Mileva in 1919 at the end of World War I. By that time, he was living with Elsa and had completed his work on General Relativity. He agreed that any money won from a Nobel Prize would be given to Maric to support their sons.  He quickly married Elsa. Maric’s sister Zorka helped care for the children until she had a series of psychiatric breaks and Mileva’s father died.  When Albert won the Nobel Prize, he sent the prize money to Mileva as he had promised.   Her mother died after Albert fled from Europe and the Nazis; one of her sons and her two grandsons moved to America. The other son required psychiatric care- he was diagnosed with schizophrenia- and Mileva and Albert fought over funding his care.  When she died, Albert Einstein was not even mentioned in her obituary.  Maric is barely mentioned if at all in many books about Albert Einstein. The Arguments for This Collaboration Einstein’s letters show that he thought little of his wife’s hopes and dreams to be a scientist.Letters show that she served as an assistant to her husband in writing his papers.Letters also show that she served as a sounding board, that he talked over his ideas with her and she gave him feedback.In some letters Einstein talked of their collaborating, though in general terms: â€Å"we’ll diligently work on science together† for instance.A friend later reported that in 1905 Mileva had said that she and her husband had finished some important work together.Soviet scientist Abram F. Joffe who saw originals of three of Einstein’s key papers said they were signed Einstein Marity, with Marity being a version of the name Maric.Albert Einstein gave his Nobel Prize award money to Mileva Maric. The Arguments Against Being a sounding board and assistant do not equate to collaborating in the creation of Einstein’s revolutionary theories.There’s no hard evidence for any real contribution on the part of Mileva Maric to the content of Einstein’s theories.The statement to a friend in 1905 may be a later legend.The reference to â€Å"Einstein-Marity† likely reflects a Swiss custom of adding a wife’s name to the husband’s, according to some Einstein scholars, and the only reference that can be located to a reference to this dual name by Joffe is a clear reference to Albert Einstein alone.Mileva Maric never claimed publicly to be a collaborator on Albert Einstein’s work, and never asked for credit.Einstein’s giving his Nobel Prize money to his ex-wife was part of a divorce settlement, and was a way of supporting her and his two sons from their marriage. There’s no indication it was done to acknowledge any contribution she made to his scientif ic work. Conclusion The conclusion, despite the documentary’s original strong claims, seems to be that it’s unlikely that Mileva Maric contributed substantially to Albert Einstein’s work- that she was literally his â€Å"silent collaborator.†Ã‚   However, the contributions that she did make- as an unpaid assistant, helping him while pregnant and her own scientific career was falling apart, possibly with the stress of the difficult relationship and her out-of-wedlock pregnancy- demonstrate the difficulties which were peculiar to women of the time and which made their actual success in the sciences far more of a hurdle than what men with equivalent backgrounds and earlier education had to transcend.

Giovanni Baronzio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Giovanni Baronzio - Research Paper Example In particular, these paintings form the first narrative cycle to have been used in teaching human beings about the life of Jesus Christ. The paintings were introduced into programs of church decorations. However, the paintings could not capture the miracles performed by Jesus Christ (Bailey 19). (Bailey 31) Artist: Giovanni Barozio Size: 500x382px Genre: Christian painting Material: panel Date of completion: 1352 The painting of Giovanni, especially the scenes from the life of Christ date back to the time of Constantine. Constantine had devoted more time in building quality buildings in the holy land to honor the life and events that surrounded the life of Jesus Christ. The scenes of Christ represented the nativity at Bethlehem. The mosaic represented the nativity and the adoration of Christianity. It is necessary to note that: â€Å"scenes from the life of Christ† were symbolic rather than being narrative in character (Bailey, P 7). Scenes from the life of Christ paintings ca pture Jesus’ life moments such as annunciation, Joseph’s dream, and the presentation in the temple, the adoration of the magi, the flight into Egypt, and the brutal killing of infants by King Herod. The images of the infancy of Christ illustrated both the canonical gospels and various apocryphal texts (Carvalho 57). In clearly capturing the life of Jesus Christ, Giovanni’s â€Å"scenes from the life of Christ† concentrated on the physicality of Jesus and spiritual elements. The crucification of Jesus Christ on the cross was well captured by Giovanni through paintings. Dark colors have been used to represent the gloomy mood that surrounded the Crucification of Jesus Christ. In addition, after the death of Christ, Darkness in the paintings shows the 6 hour total darkness that followed (Carvalho 57). Historical Context Scenes from the life of Christ show deep devotion into Christ as well as the development of humanism in early 1300s. The carving was made of ivory and was owned by rich members of the society. The paintings of Giovanni Baronzio represented spiritual devotion as well as being used as educational aids. The composition of the â€Å"scene from the life of Christ† painting is structured in various levels. There are panels in the painting that are further subdivided in three horizontal rows. Each row aims at showing and representing the life of Jesus Christ at each stage (Kanter 49). Christ’s early life is captured in the bottom row. The painting represents the annunciation of Jesus Christ. During this period, angel Gabriel appeared to Mary, informing her of Jesus Christ’s birth. Giovanni paintings show the period of Jesus’ birth. In particular, the Holy Spirit has been symbolized by the alighting dove. In showing where the Holy Spirit was meant to be, Giovanni painted the dove top be perching on Mary’s forehead. Mary’s purity was represented by Giovanni through the use of lilies (Kant er 50). The next painting represented nativity in the life of Jesus Christ. The painting has images of Mary looking lovingly at the face of the newly born baby Jesus Christ. In addition, the paintings included the images of donkeys and ox; these animals have been used to represent the humility represented by such animals in the society. The birth of Jesus Christ would be well captured by scenes of humility. Humility could only be captured through painting images of donkeys

Five Secrets of Charismatic Leader Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Five Secrets of Charismatic Leader - Assignment Example It enables people to go beyond the confines of mediocrity and tread into the realm of existence. In the process, it induces people to define their desires and to pursue them with passion. Ultimately, leadership transforms potential into reality. Charisma has been identified as one of the characteristics of transformational leaders. Tasler indicated that â€Å"displaying charismatic leadership is one of the most effective ways to boost everything from motivation and creativity to productivity and plain old satisfaction† (Tasler, 2010, par. 2). In this regard, leaders who do not seem to possess the charismatic qualities have renewed hope to develop the rudiments for honing this potential. Through a research conducted by Francesca Gino from Harvard Business School and David Hofmann of the University of North Carolina, the secrets of unraveling the charismatic powers in leaders are revealed. As presented by Tasler, there are specifically five steps to assist leaders in developing a more charismatic personae, to wit: (1) through a definition of the main character; (2) identifying the ultimate goal or the happy ending; (3) pinpointing the weakness of the current situation; (4) identifying the alternative courses of action; and (5) encourage outpouring of emotions. Simply put, Tasler’s advice is focused on: â€Å"charisma can be conveyed simply by using emotional words. Incorporate such words as nervous, afraid, and frustrated to heat up your descriptions of the not-so-happy beginning, and then use words like excited, confident, proud, and peaceful to make the happy ending feel happier. The goal is to create a stark contrast between the unpleasant feeling of the place they are currently in and the wonderful place they can go to if they do what you ask† (Tasler, 2010, par. 12).

Responsible luxury business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Responsible luxury business - Research Paper Example For holding their positions in the market the companies design their luxury businesses in sustainable way. This helps the firms to enhance the core values of their business. Sustainable business approaches of luxury businesses benefit the environment and their employees. As a result these companies are able to create strong position in market. This research paper deals with the luxury brand Gucci. Sustainability of this luxury business will be discussed in this paper. Various sustainable approaches of this company will be highlighted here. This research paper will focus on views of different authors regarding sustainability in luxury business. A business incorporates different standards for making its luxury business more sustainable. As per the authors, Crane and Matten, in the modern business environment sustainability has become an important factor for achieving growth and success. Sustainable business creates positive impact on employees, customers and society. With the help of sustainable approaches a company enhances its business activities. The authors state that in the changing business environment the luxury companies are focusing more on their responsibilities towards society, employees and environment. They are performing various activities which help them to portray their corporate social responsibilities. The products of the luxury brands are highly desired by people. These products are of high standards. For this reason the luxury companies maintain their standards by performing good social activities. Brand name or reputation of luxury business plays a vital role in selling their products. When this type of company performs various sustainable activities then its reputation gets enhanced and the po pularity of the brand increases. Therefore sustainable business processes of luxury business help the company to attract more customers (Crane and Matten, 2010). According to the authors, Moore and

Introduction To Electrochemical Sensors Xi Meng Engineering Essay

Introduction To Electrochemical Sensors Xi Meng Engineering Essay This paper is mainly focused on three parts: introduction to electrochemical sensors Simply describe the working principle, main components breathable film, electrode, electrolyte and filter ,influencing factors and selectivity 3)Introduce sensor types (potentiometric sensors, voltammetric sensors and amperometric sensors, review and discuss some examples (Solid-State Reference Electrodes, Ion selective, Carbon Based Materials, Novel Materials/ composites) on the research of electrochemical sensors classified by sensor type for future research. [Key Words] Electrochemical sensor, electrode, potentiometric, Ion selective It can be tracked back to the 1950s, when electrochemical sensor was first used to monitor oxygen. To the mid-1980s, small electrochemical sensor began to be devoted into detecting a variety of different toxic gases within PEL range, and showed great sensitivity and selectivity. Currently, various electrochemical sensors are widely used in many static and mobile applications in order to protect the personal safety. Working principle Electrochemical sensors work by reacting with the gas to be measured, and showing electrical signals reflecting the gas concentration. Typical electrochemical sensor is made up of the sensing electrode( or working electrode) and the counter electrode, separated by a thin electrolytic layer. Firstly, gas reacts with the sensor through tiny capillary-type openings, then reaches the hydrophobic barrier, and ultimately reaches the electrode surface. Using this method allows an appropriate amount of gas reacts with the sensing electrode to form a sufficient electrical signal while preventing electrolyte leaks out the sensor. Gas spreading through the barrier reacts with the sensing electrode, and the sensing electrode can take the oxidation mechanism or reduction mechanism. These reactions are carried out by the design of the electrode material for the gas to be measured and catalysis. Electrical current proportional to the measured gas flows between the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a resistor connected between the electrodes. As this process creates electrical current, the electrochemical sensor is always called current gas sensor or micro fuel cells. In practice, since the electrode surface reacts continuously, the sensing electrode potential cannot be maintained constant, after a longer period of time, it will result in the degradation of sensor performance. In order to improve sensor performance, people introduces reference electrode in the sensor. The reference electrode is mounted in the electrodes nears the sensing electrodes, The fixed stable potentiostatic acting as the sensor electrode. Reference electrode can be maintained on such a fixed voltage value in the sensor electrode. There is no current flows between the reference electrodes. Gas molecules react with the sensing electrode, at the same time, measure the counter electrode. The measurement result is usually directly related to the gas concentration and the voltage value affects on the sensing electrode can be aimed at the target gas. Main components A. Breathable film (also referred as a hydrophobic membrane): breathable membrane is used for covering the sensor (catalytic) electrodes, used in some cases to control the amount of the gas molecular that reaches the surface of electrode. Such barriers are typically made by low-porosity Teflon film and such sensors are called coated sensor. Alternatively, we can also use the high-porosity Teflon membrane covering, using capillary control the amount of the gas molecular reaches the surface of the electrode and such sensors are called capillary type sensor. In addition to providing mechanical protection for the sensor, the film also has the function of filtering out unwanted particles. In order to send the correct amount of the gas molecules, we need to choose the right film and capillary aperture size. Aperture size should be able to allow a sufficient amount of the gas molecules to reach the sensing electrode. The aperture size should also prevent leakage of liquid electrolyte or dry too quickly. B. Electrode: selecting electrode materials is very important. The electrode material should be a kind of catalytic material, to be able to perform the semi-electrolytic reaction in a long period of time. Typically, the electrode is manufactured by noble metal, such as platinum or gold, reacts with gas molecules after catalysis. Depending on the design of the sensor may be, for the completion of the electrolysis reaction, three kinds of different materials of electrodes may be used. C. Electrolyte: The electrolyte must have enough promotion to electrolysis reaction, and transfer the ionic charge to the electrode effectively. It also must be able to form stable reference potential with reference electrode and be suitable to the materials used in the sensor. If the electrolyte evaporates too quickly, the sensor signal will be weakened. D. Filters: Sometimes the front of the sensor will be installed with the washing filter to filter out unwanted gas. There are limited selections for fileters, different filter has different efficiency degree. Most commonly used filter medium is activated carbon, and activated carbon can filter out most of the chemicals, but cannot filter out carbon monoxide. By selecting the correct medium, electrochemical sensors may have a higher selectivity for its target gas. The electrochemical sensor manufactured in many ways, ultimately depends on the gases to detect and manufacturers. However, the main characteristics of the sensor is very similar in essence. Here are some of the common characteristics of the electro-chemical sensors: 1. The three-electrode sensors, usually use a jumper to connect the working electrode and reference electrode. If remove it during storage process and it takes a long time for the sensor to maintain stable and ready for use. Some sensors require a bias voltage exists between the electrodes and in this case, the sensor is manufactured with a nine volt battery powered electronic circuit. The sensor stability requires 30minutes to 24 hours, and requires three weeks time to continue to remain stable. 2. Most of the toxic gas sensors require a small amount of oxygen to maintain the normal function. The sensor equipped with an air vent on the back in order to achieve this object. Our recommendation is to perform a re-examination with manufacturers in the use of non-oxygen background gas applications. 3. The electrolyte of the battery in the sensor is an aqueous solvent to be isolated, the hydrophobic barrier prevents leakage from the aqueous solvent. However, like other gas molecules, water vapor can pass through the hydrophobic barrier. In high humidity conditions, the prolonged exposure may result in the accumulation of excess moisture and cause leaks. Under low humidity conditions, the sensor may dry. Designed for monitoring a high gas concentration sensor having a lower porosity barrier to limit the gas molecules passing through, so that it does not affect by humidity, and like those monitoring low concentration gas, such sensors have a higher porosity barrier and allows gas molecules to flow freely. Pressure and temperature The electrochemical sensor pressure changes with impact minimally. However, due to the differential pressure may damage the sensor, so the entire sensor must maintain the same pressure. Electrochemical sensor is also very sensitive to temperature, and usually takes the internal temperature compensation. So it is best to try to keep the standard temperature. In general, when the temperature is above 25 Â ° C, the sensor readings are higher; below 25 Â ° C, lower readings. The error by temperature effect is usually from 0.5 to 1.0% per degree Celsius, depending on the manufacturer and the sensor type. Selectivity The electrochemical sensor usually has a high selectivity to its objectives. The degree of selectivity is dependent on the sensor type, objective gas, concentration of the target gas to be detected. The best electrochemical sensor is a sensor of the detection of oxygen, it has a good selectivity, reliability and a longer life expectancy. Other electrochemical sensors are susceptible to interference from other gases. Interference data can be drawn by a relatively low concentration of the gas calculated. In practical applications, the interference concentrations may be high to mislead signal make false readings or false alarms. Reference Electrodes Typically, use of reference electrode is to remain at a constant potential, thus behaving independently from the properties of the working electrode and those of the solution being measured. This separation method between reference electrodes and working electrodes is the basis of accurate electrochemical measurements for a great amount of applications, Example: Solid-State Reference Electrodes Reference electrodes have been put in use in a variety of industries, but usually traditional reference electrode composition is not adequately effective and fails to work properly when subjected to harsh industrial processes. Traditional reference electrodes depend upon a liquid solution for appropriate potential measurements. Liquid solution-based reference electrodes are in widespread use; however, successful miniaturization and mass production is severely limited by continual maintenance as well as contamination control. The alternative is a solid-state reference electrode (SSRE), but typically these devices cannot compete adequately with the reproducibility of liquid-based reference electrodes or be mass-produced consistently. Recently, a novel SSRE was developed using a polyelectrolyte junction and was able to fabricate a SSRE and a pH-sensing chip that displayed excellent reproducibility between synthetic batches, instant stabilization time, and superior sensing characteristic s and can be readily miniaturized for affordable mass-production. By using a solid KCl melt in conjunction with an Ag/AgCl component, in order to use in beverage industry applications. This SSRE has a wide range of pH use, stable potentials, and small drift potentials. The reported stability and life time of this reference electrode make it particularly applicable for the food industry. In addition to food industry, engine diagnostics are utilizing SSRE to assess efficiency. Potentiometric sensors Potentiometric sensors have usually been defined as a zero-current technique to measure the potential across an interface, oftentimes a membrane. As now, research has been focused on highlighting the significance of membrane composition using carbon pastes and polyvinyl chloride as well as unique ionophores specifically designed for targeted species. Example:Ion selective Scientists in this field are facing a challenge ranging from medicinal chemistry to environmental toxicity is that novel ion selective electrodes (ISEs). ISEs typically use an ionophore as the sensing platform to ensure selectivity to a specific ion of target. The increasing use of heavy metal and ion in industrial processes makes ion selective sensors important for the appropriate sensing and quantification of potential pollutants. Use and research were divided into cations, anions, and neutral species and got great achievements. Voltammetric sensors Voltammetry provides an electroanalytical method for deriving information about one or more analytes by measuring the current as a function of the potential. Several types of experiments may be performed to gather information from voltammetry including cyclic voltammetry, squarewave voltammetry, and stripping voltammetry to name a few common techniques. Example: Carbon Based Materials Carbon based electrodes have been widely used in voltammetric research because of low cost, availability, stability, and the ability to easily modify the morphology of carbon. There are a number of carbon-based electrodes including glassy carbon. Polycrystalline boron doped diamond, carbon nanotubes, and most recently grapheme. Through the detection of the neurotransmitter serotonin, they found that pristine carbon nanotubes networks exhibited background current densities that were 2 orders of magnitude lower than glassy carbon and 20 times lower than polycrystalline boron doped diamond. Numerous advantages of using carbon as an electrode tip including mechanical strength and inhibition of water electrolysis. Amperometric sensors During an amperometric measurement, the working electrode, or sensor , is held at a constant potential while the current is monitored. The current is then related to the concentration of the analyte present. Example: Novel materials/ composites Use of new materials, especially manomaterials, has become an increase of research in electrochemical sensors. The incorporation of these manomaterials in conjunction with one another to form novel composites is particularly interesting, as many of these materials have been found to have synergistic effects. Electrospun carbon nanofibers provide more edge sites on the outer wall than carbon nanotubes, which may lead to more facile electron transfer, better dispersion, and better wettability. And the low cost, facile construction, high sensitivity, and lack of pretreatment make it appealing for future electrochemical sensing application.

Coral Reefs Essay -- Environment, Global Degradation

Coral reefs have been undergoing global degradation due to increasing natural and anthropogenic impacts for at least the last half-century. The intensity and frequency of stressors, including global climate change, have rapidly increased in number over recent years (Hughes & Connell 1999; Hoegh-Guldberg et al. 2007; Pandolfi et al. 2011). Frequent disturbances such as hurricanes/cyclones, predation outbreaks, diseases and mass bleaching events eat-away at the percent of living coral cover and without recovery, the available space is colonized by sponges, soft corals, and macroalgae. These alternative organisms are often competitive dominants in less than ideal conditions (Norstrà ¶m et al. 2009). The transition is termed a phase-shift from a coral-dominated landscape to one that is dominated by other benthic organisms. Phase-shifts are also often associated with low-herbivory (from disease and/or overfishing) and nutrient enrichment (from run-off and coastal eutrophication)(see Re lative Dominance Model in Littler et al. 2006; 2009). The resilience of particular coral species to recover and/or resist disturbance and subsequent phase-shifts may be indicative of which coral reefs are more or less imperiled. Macroalgae are frequently the competitive dominant driving phase-shifts, thus â€Å"coral-macroalgal phase-shifts† is widely used to describe unusually low-levels of coral cover and a persistent state of high macroalgal cover. There have been a number of studies and reviews describing the negative effects of macroalgae and phase-shifts on coral reefs (Done 1992; Hughes & Connell 1999; Hughes et al. 2003; Hughes et al. 2007; McCook et al. 2001; McManus & Polsenberg 2004; Birrell et al. 2008; Bruno et al. 2009). Potential competitive... ...(SML) microbial samples were collected in Belize, the Florida Keys, and St. Thomas U.S.V.I. along interaction gradients between two ubiquitous Caribbean corals (Montastraea faveolata and Porites astreoides), and their interaction with foliose brown macroalgae (Dictyota menstrualis), and calcareous green macroalgae (Halimeda opuntia). These macroalgae were chosen because they are known to reduce coral growth rates, increase coral tissue mortality, and produce potent allelochemicals that are active against coral reef microorganisms (Ballantine et al. 1987; Lirman 2001; Beach et al. 2003; Rashar & Hay 2010; Morrow et al. 2011). We show that macroalgae can shift M. faveolata microbial assemblages more readily than P. astreoides. We also found that coral microbial assemablages of both species were less stable in Florida than at Belize or St. Thomas sampling sites.

Synopsis of Renaissance Play, The Roaring Girl

Mary Fitzgerald visits her love Sebastian, dressed as a semester. They were betrothed and something has happened to stop the marriage. Sebastian tells Mary about Moll, whom he's pretending to love to trick his father. Scene 2: Sir Alexander (Sebastian Father) is having guests over. He takes them on a tour of his home and then tells them a story of a man who is in love with a Moll! (Mary and Sebastian were betrothed until his father discovered how low the dowry was, and then he decided not to allow the marriage.Sebastian then pretends to be in eve with Moll to trick his father into letting him marry Mary) A monster†¦ It comes to light that the story is about his own son and Sebastian gets offended and storms out. Sir Alexander then hires Trapdoor to spy on Moll, track her down, and kill her. Act 2: Scene 1: Scenes opens at a group of stores. Here Lagoon is trying to borrow money from Mrs.. Gallop. He pretends to want to sleep with her when really he is using her to get money. (He acts like they have never had the opportunity) We also find out that Lagoon wants to pay Moll for sex†¦ E offers and they agree on a time and place, Gray Inns Fields at 3:00. We have Goshawk who is told a by Mr.. Openwork that he has been seeing a prostitute but sworn to secrecy (Goshawk later in the scene tells his secret because he wants to seduce Mrs.. Openwork) We also see Mrs.. Openwork insult Moll and yell to get out of her store because Moll is considered a where, low class, thief, trash, etc. We also know Moll cross dresses and she pulls a sword on a man who assaulted her at a local tavern. Then Trapdoor approaches Moll and pretends to be her friend, asks to be at her service.They agree to meet at Gray Inns Fields as well between 3:00-4:00. Scene 2: Sebastian is lamenting to himself saying a free man should marry who he wants. His father is hiding in the room and Sebastian sees him but pretends not too. Then Moll and a Porter enter with a Viol. Sebastian then begs Moll for marriage and she states that she is simply too independent to marry. Sir Alexander is dumbfounded. Moll tells him she could possibly love him, but to rethink his proposal, for he could be being too hasty. Then a tailor enters and takes measurements for Molls manly clothing (pants).Moll and Tailor leave and Sir Alexander makes his presence known. He yells at Sebastian for using bad Judgment, he is bewitched, and badmouths Moll saying their marriage would disgrace him. Sebastian defends her saying she is only guilty of having a strong spirit and mingling with male friends. Then Sir Alexander leaves and we hear Sebastian saying how he is using Moll to get Mary. Act 3: Scene 1: Moll meets Lagoon and she takes his money. Then she pulls off her cloak and draws a sword and challenges a duel. She wants to teach him a lesson that not all women are whore's.She says if it were not a sin, women would be better off to sleep tit men, for they lie about it anyway and treat them with disrespec t. They fight and she wins. Lagoon apologizes and leaves. Shortly after, Trapdoor shows (and later he tells Sir Alexander that Moll had met with Sebastian that day) but he doesn't recognize her at first dressed like a man. He then follows Moll. Scene 2: This scene opens with Mrs.. Gallop being somewhat moody and angry before her guests arrive. Mr.. Gallop comes in and asks her if she's pregnant. He unknowingly delivers a love letter from Lagoon (requesting 30 more pounds) Mr..Gallop walks back in and catches her reading the letter. She tears up the letter and to cover up her scheme she tells him that she and Lagoon had a contract to be married, but she thought he was dead. Now he has tracked her down (at the cost of 30 pounds) and wants to marry her. He doesn't want a court battle so agrees to pay Lagoon. Then the guests arrive, they think Mrs.. Gallop is ill and she should lay down, so they leave. Then Lagoon arrives and he falls into the plan (he did not know until he picked up hi nts from Mrs.. Gallop). He then acts angry at the fact not being able to marry her†¦ E says he would marry her no matter what. He takes the 30 pounds and the Gaslight's leave. The scene closes with Lagoon saying women are deceiving. Scene 3: (Sir Alexander acts like Trapdoor owes him money so he can run and talk to him) Scene opens with Trapdoor telling Sir Alexander that he has Moll on the ropes. Trapdoor tells him that Moll meets Sebastian dressed as a man (and says they met that day at three†¦ Moll had once again tricked them) Then we see Sir Dad who is Jack Diapers' father talking about how bad/wild his son is. He tells his plan to hire policeman to arrest Jack, put him in Jail to teach him a lesson.Sir Dad is talking to he two cops (Curtail and Hanger) and they do not realize they are talking to Sir Dad (they insult him to his face and look like fools) The cops go looking for Jack, but Moll and Trapdoor overhear them and warn Jack before they can catch Jack. The cops get angry at Moll, and she's pleased with her ‘good deed'. Act 4: Scene 1: Opens again with Trapdoor bragging that he has Moll. Sir Alexander tries to set Moll up by planting expensive items for her to steal. (Gold Chain, money). They exit and Moll, Mary (both dressed as men) enter with Sebastian. They are talking, Moll tells that she has never initiated (or had) sex?Then Moll sings and later sees the gold chain and diamond. Sebastian then plans to give 40 pound to Moll (maybe to pay for her help? ) Sir Alexander knows who Moll is, but pretends not to know when he enters. And Sebastian covers saying she is a musician and he is paying for her services. Scene 2: This scene opens with Mrs.. Gallop and Mrs.. Openwork talking. Mrs.. Openwork admits to knowing what Goshawk is up to†¦ She says she asked her husband about the affair and she also knows Goshawk wants to date her. Mrs.. Gallop then admits that Lagoon was after her too, but she is finally rid of him as well.Goshawk e nters and offers to try to trap Mr.. Openwork in an affair(? ) They put on masks and Lagoon enters. Then so does Mr.. Openwork. He wants them to take off the masks and she lets him know they are angry (Goshawk doesn't know Mrs.. Openwork told Mr.. Openwork that he told his secret, so he gets really nervous thinking she is going to give him away). Mrs.. Openwork then says for her husband to â€Å"Seek his where† and Mr.. Openwork starts asking who told. No one will tell and he confronts Goshawk, it comes out that Goshawk had told and that everything was a trick to teach him a lesson. Mr.. Openwork had set Goshawk up but now forgives him.Next, Mr.. Gallop enters with Greenest disguised as a Sumner and Lagoon. Lagoon is demanding more money based on Mrs.. Gaslight's lie. Greenest then removes his mask and Mrs.. Gallop tells the truth (and tells that they did not have sex). Lagoon says he was only testing Mrs.. Gallop and was doing it in noble honesty, but says she refused him. L agoon agrees to pay Mr.. Gallop back in full plus interest for what he did. Act 5: Scene 1: Jack Dapper, Moll (dressed as a man) and Sir Beauteous Ganymede enter. Moll tells them that she knows about Trapdoor being a fraud, and Jack says he knows hat he father was the one who sent the cops after him.Then Attract and Trapdoor enter disguised as soldiers (Moll recognizes them) Claimed to have fought in a war that was over 100 years ago. Moll pulls off his patch and reveals him. They still claim to be soldiers and beggars. They give them money. Moll asks Trapdoor if he will still pretend to go along with Sir Alexander plot. Then several structures enter and Moll describes the ways of thieving (busting them), so they leave. Scene 2: Sir Alexander, Goshawk, and Greenest enter. Sir Alexander is still complaining about his son wanting to marry Moll. Sir Guy Fitzgerald enters and aunts him about his son's new choice (? Sir Alexander begs Sir Guy for help, but he is still upset for him not a llowing the marriage to happen in the first place. So Sir Alexander agrees to give up half his estate to get rid of Moll. Then Moll enters it is told that she helped to trick Sir Alexander. Sebastian apologized to his father, Sir Alexander apologized to Mary and Moll states that she did them all a favor. Moll then announces that when gallants are not in fear of being arrested for debt, etc†¦ Then she will marry (in other words, never) Sir Alexander thanks Moll, Trapdoor confesses, and everyone is happy!

Free Essays on Medical Marijuana

Drugs are a very influential part of the everyday norm in the United States today. Many drugs are taken form everyday from regular prescribed pills and the over the counter medicines that are at your local grocery store, to those that can be found in the street. Nevertheless, what is the difference between the two? In America, it is frowned upon in the media for the use of marijuana; it is as if everyone that uses it is going to turn into a crazed person or is not going to be able to take care of themselves or others. If this is the case, why are there now doctors that suggest the use of it? In the 1960’s to the 1970’s, there was a greater acceptance of use of marijuana. There was an understanding that the drug itself should not be in the same class of narcotics (The Legalization Question.) The problem of stereotyping the use of marijuana became out of hand in the mid 1980’s and 1990’s because of the Presidency of Regan and Bush(White House Drug Policy.) Supporters of marijuana think that the government’s bans is in violation of free speech and other rights(Support of Marijuana.) These two had started the â€Å"zero tolerance† on the drug. They felt as if they could put a stop to the sale and use of marijuana then they can stop the â€Å"crimes† that are associated with it. In the past, prohibition has been considered as an option that would stop the use of alcohol. However, as seen and recorded, the prohibition of anything leans to more crimes and more of a larger demand to the public. The U.S. should honor the courage and determination of the people through out the states to find expression in the exercise of a sovereign State's fundamental right guaranteed by the Ninth and the Tenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. In addition, by denying the injunction sought by the federal government, should return the Controlled Substances Act to the established channels of federal authority (The State of California Departm... Free Essays on Medical Marijuana Free Essays on Medical Marijuana One of the most controversial issues in the United States is over medical marijuana. Not just a political debate but as often happens in politics it’s a moral debate as well. The idea of a street drug being used for anything else than a picture of a junkie high on the street is something most people today find hard to imagine. However, times do change and when it comes to medicine new discoveries are made every day. Many experiments test the validity of the drug as a medicine, and results of these experiments receive much praise but also some critique. The DEA and the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) are battling over the issue. The underlying matter that cannot be ignored is that marijuana proves to be a useful medication for many patients, especially those with wasting diseases. This battle dates back to about the 1970’s after the drug culture was extremely high in America. In 1970, Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act. This law assigned psychoactive drugs to five schedules and placed cannabis in Schedule I, the most restrictive. According to the legal definition, Schedule I drugs have no medical use, are a high potential for abuse, and cannot be used safely even under a doctor's supervision. Two years later, in 1972, the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) petitioned the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (formerly the Federal Bureau of Narcotics) to transfer marijuana to Schedule II, so that physicians could legally prescribe it. The chemical in marijuana that is known to make the affect on these diseases and on the person using the drug is called THC. THC is the active ingredient in marijuana. The course of action they chose took place in 1985 when the government reclassified synthetic THC as a Schedule II drug but kept marijuana itself - and THC derived from marijuana - in Schedule I. With t his action it w as clear that the government knew of the medi... Free Essays on Medical Marijuana Should Marijuana be legalized for medical purposes? â€Å"I just smoke to ease the pain.† This has been heard many times on television interviews of people giving a reason why they smoke marijuana. To some people this may seem like a justified medical cause. This excuse, however, has no medical support at all. There has been no factual evidence to date supporting the fact that marijuana alone helps cure any disease. The psychoactive ingredient in marijuana is, however, currently available from pharmacies, there are many studies disproving the positive effects of smoking marijuana, and ingesting a â€Å"medicine† by smoke inhalation is not good for the body. These statements back up the fact that smoking marijuana has no health benefits. To begin with, the active ingredient in marijuana (THC) is already available in pharmaceutical capsule form by prescription from medical doctors, so why not just get a medication legally if it helps to ease the pain? The pill form of the drug also does not contain all of the combinations of drugs and other ingredients found in a marijuana cigarette; one should be able to reap the benefits just as plentifully if it truly does help ease the pain. The other drug found in marijuana, marinol is removed from the pill form because of the adverse effects it has on patients. Also, physicians should be able to monitor the side effects, if any, that could be linked to other medications. So, in the long term, doctors may develop a form of the active ingredient that could allow maximum comfort for all patients. Secondly, there are many studies showing the harmful effects that prolonged exposure from marijuana can have. Some people may counter by saying that these people are going to die anyway, but why complicate their disease even more by introducing new side effects? A physician employed at the local hospital accounted for a case of an adverse side effect. A woman was smoking marijuana without her d... Free Essays on Medical Marijuana Drugs are a very influential part of the everyday norm in the United States today. Many drugs are taken form everyday from regular prescribed pills and the over the counter medicines that are at your local grocery store, to those that can be found in the street. Nevertheless, what is the difference between the two? In America, it is frowned upon in the media for the use of marijuana; it is as if everyone that uses it is going to turn into a crazed person or is not going to be able to take care of themselves or others. If this is the case, why are there now doctors that suggest the use of it? In the 1960’s to the 1970’s, there was a greater acceptance of use of marijuana. There was an understanding that the drug itself should not be in the same class of narcotics (The Legalization Question.) The problem of stereotyping the use of marijuana became out of hand in the mid 1980’s and 1990’s because of the Presidency of Regan and Bush(White House Drug Policy.) Supporters of marijuana think that the government’s bans is in violation of free speech and other rights(Support of Marijuana.) These two had started the â€Å"zero tolerance† on the drug. They felt as if they could put a stop to the sale and use of marijuana then they can stop the â€Å"crimes† that are associated with it. In the past, prohibition has been considered as an option that would stop the use of alcohol. However, as seen and recorded, the prohibition of anything leans to more crimes and more of a larger demand to the public. The U.S. should honor the courage and determination of the people through out the states to find expression in the exercise of a sovereign State's fundamental right guaranteed by the Ninth and the Tenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. In addition, by denying the injunction sought by the federal government, should return the Controlled Substances Act to the established channels of federal authority (The State of California Departm... Free Essays on Medical Marijuana There are many diseases in which the ‘victim’ may experience symptoms that can be treated by smoking marijuana. AIDS, cancer, glaucoma, and chron’s disease are only a few of the many diseases that can be helped through the use of marijuana. People consider marijuana to be a dangerous drug and are unaware of many medical uses. Because marijuana is stereotyped as a dangerous drug, a bad feeling about the drug is common. There are many groups and even magazines dedicated to trying to get marijuana legalized, such as High Times Magazine, the Cannabis Coalition and the National Organization for the reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML). Others just don’t want to admit that the drug should be used for any reason at all because they feel that it is harmful. A lot of people however, disagree and feel that marijuana should never be legalized, but what about for medical uses? The medical use of marijuana should be legal for people who suffer from a serious disease, and c an be helped by the use of the drug. Marijuana, a.k.a. pot, weed, cannabis, (the list goes on), is one of the most popular drugs being used throughout the country. Marijuana is not the cure to any disease, not by any means, but it does help ease the pain of those who suffer. One such disease is chron’s. This is an incurable, and painful inflammation of the digestive tract that can have life-threatening complications. A good example of this is in the case of Cheryl Johnson. Cheryl is the mother of Simon Johnson, who has chron’s disease. Simon is left with nausea and vomiting from the disease and the medicine that he was put on to control it. The vomiting was so severe that every morning on his way to school he would have to have his mother pull the car to the side of the road so that he could throw up. He often would miss months of school at a time because he was immensely sick. That was before he found marijuana. He now lives a relatively normal life. (Rubenstein, 82) Ma... Free Essays on Medical Marijuana Marijuana is illegal because of its classification as an illicit drug, but there are some issues that have been established saying that this â€Å"illicit drug† has improved the treatment for suffering patients. Marijuana has lots of beneficial effects when used in medicinal settings for the treatment of pain; but it should be an administered drug for patients who can benefit from the use of this drug. Marijuana has had analysis for its use as a medicine and the results showed improvements in the patients who were treated with this drug. Doctors have expressed opposite opinions, making this theme very controversial. I have researched for its positive effects when used properly, so that marijuana can be considered in treating patients. Much of the opposite opinions about this issue have to do with the hands of the government, which says that marijuana is not a safe medicine, versus the doctors who research the topic for medicinal purposes. Nevertheless, not all doctors feel that cannabis should be a â€Å"legal† prescribed medicine; it is in their hands to decide so. The Institute of Medicine has also this controversy when it said smoking marijuana is risky, but also recommended that critically ill patients should be allowed to use it under closely monitored settings (Koch 707). A specialist at the National Cancer Institute authorized his patients to use the drug, but not over do it (Koch 708). With all this, one would think that doctors wouldn’t be so enthusiastic to offer the drug as a reliever. The National Institute of Drug Abuse puts approximately 300 free joints each month for patients who are in an experimental program . The Government proclaims there is no therapeutic value in the medicin al use of marijuana, but they do not have hard evidence to prove it. Ira Glasser, executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union, (at a congressional forum) expressed: â€Å"the government has demonized all drug use without differen...

4 Ways to Impress Any Hiring Manager

4 Ways to Impress Any Hiring Manager No matter how great your resume, how extensive your skills, how thorough your qualifications, if you don’t have that â€Å"know it when you see it† something special, you may not be able to convince the hiring manager that you’re the one. Here are four traits you can work on showcasing in the interview process that just might get you the job.Practice your playground 101Scheduled for a lunch or coffee interview, rather than an appointment in the office? The hiring manager might be trying to suss out how well you play with others. Can you make small talk? Can you put people, including and especially yourself, at ease? Are you pleasant and personable? You may not realize how important people skills are, even for jobs that don’t require a lot of client or customer interface. Remember, your coworkers have to interact with you every day. Show them they won’t regret taking you on board! Politeness and self-awareness will go a long way here.Don’t be shyDon’t overdo it and come across as an overzealous lunatic, but do try and let your enthusiasm shine through. Love this kind of work? Have tons of passion? Be yourself and show how hungry you are to succeed. You might just have the kind of spark your hiring manager is searching for.Do diligenceThink of the interview as your first assignment and do your homework. Learn everything you can about the company and the team you’d be working on, and go in with a few intelligent, insightful questions. This will be a great way to â€Å"show, not tell† the truth of that â€Å"hard worker† line in your cover letter. Also have a story or two on hand about times when you went above and beyond- just to sink the point.Be niceWe’re back on the playground again. Try and show your interviewer you’d be the kind of colleague they’d want to go to happy hour with to cheers over a big win. Be solicitous and easygoing. If the team likes you, that will go a long way in decision making.The bottom line is: be yourself, but go the extra mile to make sure your best self is shining through in interview situations, even when you’re nervous and concentrating on selling your skills. It can make all the difference.

Cell Phones Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cell Phones - Research Paper Example The main reasons for this monumental change over such a short, time are the abilities that science and technology has conferred to modern phones, particularly mobile devices. Today, a phone has acquired such a wide variety of uses that a phone without the ability to call, while it would be dysfunctional, would still be a viable communication device. On the other hand, a 1990s phone would be useless if one could not make or receive calls on it. While the early phones were expensive gadgets and the reserve for the rich and educated, today they can be owned by almost anyone and one needs only the most basic education to use a phone. Mobile phone companies are competing to see whose device can hold and use the most applications and offer the best services other than calling. One can use their mobile phone to browse the internet, and as such access pertinent information from virtually anywhere in the world, provided they have a good signal. As a result, millions of people many of them you ths spend hundreds of hours every week using their phones on nonverbal interaction and social networking, indeed, the time spent making phone calls pales in comparison to the time spent on Facebook, tweeter, instant messaging or in related activities. Many mobile phones offer the user a capacity to do any of these activities especially the smart phones, described as â€Å"clever gadgets,† which are more than just phones, (McKendrick, 2011). This is because of their many features that transcend what ordinary mobile phones can do including a variety of user friendly applications that allow users to carry out a range of tasks such as; reading EBooks, teleconferencing, reading, and creating emails. Mobile phones can also be used in time of emergencies; to call for help, or look for directions when one is lost because some of them have gotten applications like Google maps, which enable users to look for direction, and pinpoint their current location. Furthermore, mobile companies use the technology to help the police trace lost people or criminals by tracing their signals. Indeed a lost person can be traced even if their phone is switched off (Siegel, 2008). Other security futures include sending distress messages without having to make a phone call, for instance with some Samsung phones one only need to press the volume key thrice, and a discrete text is sent to a pre-determined number notifying the recipient that the sender is in danger. Mobile devices are also used as/alongside baby monitors, using certain IPhones applications parents use their Smartphone to keep an â€Å"eye† on their infants. For instance, one can use an application that automatically sends a message to their phone whenever the child makes noise or cries (Associated Press, 2009). A more rudimentary albeit expensive tactic, which can be used, is to leave one phone in the baby crib with an active connection to another phone, possibly with a headpiece so one can listen to the baby w ithout being present. Mobiles phones today have an immense entertainment role and are competing with mainstream media such as Television and radios. Several phone types allow one to listen to radio and watch television on the move. Teens and young adults (13-24) are the leading users of mobile devices for these functions (chiff.com

Beethoven Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Beethoven - Essay Example Beethoven spent his teenage and young adult years studying music and composing many of his own works. In 1790, he met the famous musician of the time, Franz Joseph Haydn. In 1792, when he was twenty-two, Beethoven moved to Vienna to study music under Haydn. The age difference between the two men caused difficulties; Haydn, being sixty at the time, was more old-fashioned in both his music and his teaching, while Beethoven was more rebellious with his music. He did not like conforming to the limitations set down by musicians of the classical era, and Haydn was not as willing to let him experiment. After some time, Beethoven was accepted into the palace of Prince Lichnowsky, where he had more musical freedom; indeed, there were times when Beethoven did not even feel like playing. The prince allowed him these moments, eventually giving Beethoven his own quarters in the palace so that he could have the utmost independence. In the early years, Beethoven focused on writing only keyboard and chamber music pieces. As he continued to age and grow in his music, he began to experiment with other genres. Between the years of 1792 and 1802, Beethoven had his first performances and compositions of keyboard and chamber works. Between 1802 and 1812, Beethoven wrote six symphonies, four concertos, five string quartets, a opera, several orchestral overtures and numerous piano sonatas, as well as more chamber pieces (Yudkin, pg. 199). Beethoven also established his own personal music style, one that people would be in awe of for centuries to come. Unfortunately, aside from various music styles, Beethoven discovered something else in 1802: he was gradually going deaf. The majority of his best works took place as his hearing became increasingly worse. Unlike many other people, Beethoven refused to let this simple little flaw get in the way of what he loved the